The study of cosmic rays, high-energy particles originating from extraterrestrial sources, has significantly progressed with the advent of both ground-based and space-borne detection techniques.

Cosmic rays, consisting predominantly of high-energy protons and nuclei originating from distant astrophysical sources, interact continuously with the solar wind and the heliospheric magnetic fields.

When you buy through links on our articles, Future and its syndication partners may earn a commission. Cosmic rays may play a role in triggering lightning on Earth, a new study suggests. | Credit: Jan ...

The Universe teems with extreme environments, ranging from the very coldest temperatures to the highest energy sources possible. As a consequence, extreme objects such as supernova remnants, pulsars ...

In late November 2025, astronomers captured an unprecedented cosmic signature: the first X-ray emissions ever detected from ...

Scientists have recently identified electrons and positrons with the highest energies ever recorded on Earth. They provide evidence of cosmic processes emitting colossal amounts of energy, the origins ...

The Auger collaboration, which operates a cosmic ray observatory spanning 3000 km2 (~1158 sq mi) in the Argentine Andes, announces the observation of an unexpected structure in the spectrum ...

An artistic illustration of the magnetar and the gamma-ray burst jet in this work (Illustration: Yuja Tian and Yuting Wu, Nanjing Zhijiao Cloud Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd.; Scientific concept ...

LHAASO has uncovered that micro-quasars, black holes feeding on companion stars, are powerful PeV particle accelerators. Their jets produce ultra-high-energy gamma rays and protons that exceed ...