Transcription is the first step of gene expression, where a DNA sequence is copied into messenger RNA. In eukaryotes, transcription initiation starts with the assembly of the transcription ...

The expression of many eukaryotic genes is regulated at the level of translation initiation. The first step in the initiation process is binding of the small ribosomal subunit (40S) to the mRNA. Since ...

PNAS is the world's most-cited multidisciplinary scientific serial. It publishes high-impact research reports, commentaries, perspectives, reviews, colloquium papers, and actions of the Academy. In ...

The Pre-Initiation Complex (PIC), which consists of Mediator, TFIIA, TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH, and RNA polymerase II (RNAPII), governs the expression of all protein-coding and most non-coding ...

Researchers have solved the the structure of the complex formed when mRNA is being scanned to find the starting point for translating RNA into a protein. The discovery provides a new understanding of ...

In prokaryotic systems, the initiation phase of protein synthesis is governed by the presence of initiation factors that guide the transition of the small ribosomal subunit (30S) from an unlocked ...

The regulation of mRNA transcription plays a key role in relaying signals from the environment and during development into the gene expression program of a cell. During transcription initiation, a ...