However, the measurement of sIL-2R is simple compared to the complex story behind this biomarker that has become so central to the study of immune-mediated disease. Why measure soluble interleukin-2 ...

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in industrialised countries. The majority of patients with lung cancer have incurable advanced disease with very poor therapeutic options, so ...

Here, we summarize the cellular sources of IL-9, focusing principally on T cells. We also describe the main targets of IL-9 in vivo and discuss the downstream effects of IL-9-induced signalling on ...

Interleukin-9 is a pleiotropic cytokine associated with allergic inflammation 1 and is a therapeutic target in patients with asthma. Its expression and that of the interleukin-9 receptor are greater ...

Interleukin (IL)-1 is a prototypic proinflammatory cytokine. It is produced by numerous cell types (i.e., macrophages, synoviocytes, endothelial cells, chondrocytes, osteoclasts) and is found in ...

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine secreted by T cells and macrophages to activate immune responses during infection or after trauma. IL-6 plays an important role in a number of bodily ...

Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Women's College Hospital, and co-authors have found biologics targeting interleukin (IL)-12, IL-23, or IL-17 were associated with a lower rate of serious ...

However, imbalances of IL-6 — too much or too little — can cause disease, even in the absence of infection. Excess IL-6 is central to the pathogenesis of inflammatory reactions like rheumatoid disease ...