A new equation for accurate approximation of the Moody friction factor in the general gas-flow equation better approximates a wide range of Reynolds numbers than previously published equations. Other, ...

Tests of a proposed friction-factor equation have shown it to be accurate for calculating pressure loss in turbulent flow for a pipeline transporting a non-Newtonian fluid, such as most crude oils and ...

Figure 1: Localized and fully turbulent flow. At flow rates larger than those sustaining the regime of localized turbulent patches, the situation is fundamentally different: once triggered, turbulence ...

Condensation-induced water hammer (CIWH) is the term commonly used when describing a variety of transients that occur when water vapor is rapidly condensed by cold water. This article describes the ...