Scapular kinematics and muscle activity are fundamental aspects of shoulder function and rehabilitation. The scapula serves not only as a base for multiple muscular attachments but also as a dynamic ...

Scapular winging involves one or both shoulder blades sticking out from the back rather than lying flat. It is a rare condition that may result from injury or nerve damage. This article will discuss ...

Background Adaptational changes (gleno-humeral internal rotation deficit – GIRD, SICK scapula signs and muscular imbalances) develop in the dominant shoulder of overhead athletes. Objective To ...

Scapular winging, sometimes called a winged scapula, is a condition that affects the shoulder blades. It causes the shoulder blades to stick out. Scapula is the anatomical term for the shoulder blade.